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Emphysema is a progressive, chronic obstructive lung condition where there is a permanent enlargement or overdistention of the alveoli (air sacs) and an irreversible destruction of the alveolar walls, causing a restriction in oxygen uptake and shortness of breath. It is often caused by exposure to toxic chemicals or long-term exposure to tobacco smoke, although a small number of cases are traced to a genetic defect. Emphysema was traditionally a lung disease suffered by miners, especially coal miners, and has been referred to as miner's lung or black lung.

Psychotherapy is the use of psychological methods, particularly when based on regular personal interaction, to help a person change their behavior, increase happiness, and overcome problems. Psychotherapy aims to improve an individual's well-being and mental health, to resolve or mitigate troublesome behaviors, beliefs, compulsions, thoughts, or emotions, and to improve relationships and social skills.